A Novel Hybrid SVM-CNN Method for Extracting Characteristics and Classifying Cattle Branding
Palabras clave:
Convolutional Neural Network, Support Vector Machines, Cattle BrandingResumen
A tool that can perform the automatic identification of cattle brandings is essential for the government agencies responsible for the record, control and inspection of this activity. This article presents a novel hybrid method that uses Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to extract features from images and Support Vector Machines (SVM) to classify the brandings. The experiments were performed using a cattle branding image set provided by the City Hall of Bagé, Brazil. Metrics of Overall Accuracy, Recall, Precision, Kappa Coefficient, and Processing Time were used in order to assess the proposed tool. The results obtained here were satisfactory, reaching a Overall Accuracy of 93.11% in the first experiment with 39 brandings and 1,950 sample images, and 95.34% of accuracy in the second experiment, with the same 39 brandings, but with 2,730 sample images. The processing time attained in the experiments was 31.661s and 41.749s, respectively.
Descargas
Referencias
Secretaria do Planejamento e Desenvolvimento Regional Governo do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, http://www.scp.rs.gov.br, accessed 19 july 2015.
R. Arnoni. Os Registros e Catálogos de Marcas de Gado da Região Platina. Pelotas: Revista Memória em Rede da UFPEL, 2013.
G. Sanchez, M. Rodriguez. “Cattle Marks Recognition by Hu and Legendre Invariant Moments”. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, vol. 11, Nº 1, 2016.
C. Silva, D. Welfer, F.P. Gioda, C. Dornelles. “Cattle Brand Recognition using Convolutional Neural Network and Support Vector Machines”. IEEE Latin America Transactions, vol. 15, Nº 2, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/TLA.2017.7854627.
X.X Niu, C. Y. Suen. “A Novel Hybrid CNN-SVM Classifier for Recognizing Handwritten Digits”. Pattern Recognition, n. 45, p. 1318-1325, 2011. DOI: 10.1016/j.patcog.2011.09.021.
K. Jarret, K. Kavukcuoglu, Y. LeCun. “What Is The Best Multi-Stage Architecture for Object Recognition?”. IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision, p. 2146-2153, 2009.DOI: 10.1109/ICCV.2009.5459469.
G. Juraszek. Reconhecimento de Produtos por Imagem Utilizando Palavras Visuais e Redes Neurais Convolucionais, Joinville: UDESC, 2014.
Y. LeCun, B. Boser, J.S. Denker, D. Henderson, R.E. Howard, W. Hubbard, L.D Jackel. “Handwritten Digit Recognition with a Back-Propagation Network”. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems.[S.l.]: Morgan Kaufmann, p. 396-404, 1990.
D. Ciregan, U. Meier, J. Schmidhuber. “Multi-Columm Deep Neural Networks for Image Classification”. In: Proceedings of the 25th IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition(CVPR 2012), [S.l.: s.n.]. p. 3642-3649, 2012. DOI: 10.1109/CVPR.2012.6248110.
K. Kavukcuoglu, P. Sermanet, Y. Boreau, K. Gregor, M. Mathieu, Y. LeCun. “Learning Convolutional Feature Hierarchies for Visual Recognition”. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, ed. by J.D Lafferty and C.K.I. Williams and J. Shawe-Taylor and R.S. Zemel and A. Culotta, vol. 23, p. 1090-1098, 2010.
P. Sermanet, D. Eigen, X. Zhang, M. Mathieu, R. Fergus, Y. LeCun. “Overfeat: Integrated Recognition, Localization and Detection Using Convolutional Networks”, CoRR, abs/1312.6229, 2013.
A.S. Razavian, H. Azizpour, J. Sullivan, S. Carlsson. “CNN Features Off-the-Shelf: An Astounding Baseline for Recognition”, In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, p. 806-813, 2014. DOI: 10.1109/CVPRW.2014.131.
P. Constante, A. Gordón, O. Chang, E. Pruna, I. Escobar, F. Acuña. “Artificial Vision Techniques for Strawberry's Industrial Classification”.IEEE Latin America Transactions, vol. 14, Nº 6, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/TLA.2016.7555221.
Vlfeat. Biblioteca Open Source VLFeat, http://www.vlfeat.org/matconvnet/models/beta16/imagenet-caffe-alex.mat, accessed 3 june 2016.
Y. LeCun, K. Kavukcuoglu, C. Farabet. “Convolutional Networks and Applications in Vision”. In: Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Symposiumon. IEEE, p. 253-256, 2010. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2010.5537907.
I. Arel, D. Rose, T. Karnowski. “Deep Machine Learning -A New Frontier in Artificial Intellingence Research [research frontier]”. Computational Intelligence Magazine, IEEE, v. 5, n. 4, p. 13-18. ISSN 1556-603X, 2010. DOI: 10.1109/MCI.2010.938364.
A. Tchangani. “Support Vector Machines: A Tool for Pattern Recognition and Classification”. Studies in Informatics & Control Journal, 14: 2. 99-109, 2005.
J. Landis, G. Koch. “The Measurement of Observer Agreement for Categorical Data”. International Biometric Society, v.33 n.1, p. 159, 1977. DOI: 10.2307/2529310.
Y. Bengio, A. Courville, V. Vincent. “Representation learning: A review and new perspectives”. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, v. 35, n. 8, p. 1798–1828, 2013. DOI: 10.1109/TPAMI.2013.50.
G. Hinton. “To Recognize Shapes First Learn to Generate Images”. Progress in Brain Research. Elsevier, v. 165, p. 535-547, 2007. DOI: 10.1016/S0079-6123(06)65034-6.
M. Zeiler, R. Fergus. “Visualizing and Understanding Convolutional Networks”. European Conference on Computer Vision. Springer, p. 818 –833, 2014. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10590-1_53.
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Aviso de derechos de autor/a
Los autores/as que publiquen en esta revista aceptan las siguientes condiciones:
- Los autores conservan los derechos de autor y ceden a la revista el derecho de la primera publicación, con el trabajo registrado con la Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share-Alike 4.0 International, que permite a terceros utilizar lo publicado siempre que mencionen la autoría del trabajo y a la primera publicación en esta revista.
- Los autores pueden realizar otros acuerdos contractuales independientes y adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión del artículo publicado en esta revista (p. ej., incluirlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro) siempre que indiquen claramente que el trabajo se publicó por primera vez en esta revista.
- Se permite y recomienda a los autores a compartir su trabajo en línea (por ejemplo: en repositorios institucionales o páginas web personales) antes y durante el proceso de envío del manuscrito, ya que puede conducir a intercambios productivos, a una mayor y más rápida citación del trabajo publicado.
Descargo de Responsabilidad
LAJC en ningún caso será responsable de cualquier reclamo directo, indirecto, incidental, punitivo o consecuente de infracción de derechos de autor relacionado con artículos que han sido presentados para evaluación o publicados en cualquier número de esta revista. Más Información en nuestro Aviso de Descargo de Responsabilidad.