African national artificial intelligence strategies: Review, analysis and research agenda.

Abstract

Some countries have developed their national artificial intelligence strategies (NAISs) while others have formed task forces to develop their strategies. The study reviewed elements and concepts required to develop NAIS, related science, technology and innovation (STI) strategies, policies and manifestos. Some of these elements and concepts apply to both developing and developed countries while some others are specific to one of them. STI elements and concepts apply to artificial intelligence strategies since AI technology is a specialization of STI technologies. Concepts and elements identified by study can aid strategy creators by providing important ideas for creating NAISs. Catch-up strategy based on learning from a country similar past technology catch-up successes and others who have created NAISs is a low cost way for developing and implementing NAISs.