User Experience for Disabled Users in Open Educational Resources Websites

  • Rosa Navarrete National Polytechnic School
  • Sergio Luján-Mora Universidad de Alicante
Keywords: Open Educational Resources, User experience, Web accessibility, Web usability, Disabilities

Abstract

Open Educational Resources (OER) are digital materials for teaching-learning purpose released under an open license that are available through websites. In the last decade, some governments have encouraged the development and using of OER in order to contribute to the achievement of the right to education for everyone, a fundamental right included in The Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Besides, inclusion of people with disabilities is a global concern that need to be addressed in all living aspects including education.In this research we address the user experience in OER websites —considering the perspective of users with disabilities— in order to recognize possible barriers in web design. The conformance criteria considered for this reviewing are mandatory aspects of user experience in relation to Web accessibility and Web usability.

DOI  

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

R. Farrow, "OER Impact: Collaboration, Evidence, Synthesis," in Proceedings of OpenCourseWare Consortium Global 2014: Open Education for a Multicultural World, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 2014.

X. Ochoa and E. Duval, "Quantitative Analysis of Learning Object Repositories," IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 226-238, 2009.

M. Hassenzahl and N. Tractinsky, "User experience -a research agenda," in Behaviour & Information Technology, Taylor & Francis Group, 2006, pp. 91-97.

R. Navarrete and S. Luján-Mora, "Accessibility considerations in Learning Objects and Open Educational Resources," in ICERI2013 Proceedings, Sevilla -Spain, 2013.

R. Navarrete and S. Luján-Mora, "Evaluating accessibility of Open Educational Resource website with an heuristic method," in 9th International Technology, Education and Development Conference, Madrid, Spain, 2015.

W3C, "Web Content Accessiblity Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0," 2012. [Online]. Available: http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/.

ISO, "ISO 9241-151:2008, Ergonomics of human-system interaction --Part 151: Guidance on World Wide Web user interfaces," 15 05 2008. [Online]. Available: https://bit.ly/3svJMSs. [Accessed 05 2 2015].

UNESCO, "Forum on the impact of open courseware for higher education in developing countries," Paris, France, 2002.

D. Atkins, J. Seely Brown and A. L. Hammond , "A review of the Open Educational Resources (OER) Movement: Achivements, Challenges and New Opportunities," February 2007. [Online]. Available: http://www.hewlett.org/uploads/files/ReviewoftheOERMovement.pdf.

UNESCO, "World Open Educational Resources (OER) Congress," 2012.

European Commission, "New Rethinking Education strategy," 11 2012. [Online]. Available: http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-12-1233_en.htm. [Accessed 03 02 2015].

U.S.Government, "The Open Government Partnership, "Announcing New Open Government Initiatives as part of the Second Open Government National Action Plan for the United States of America," 09 2014. [Online]. Available: https://bit.ly/3ozCX14. [Accessed 13 02 2015].

N. Butcher, A Basic Guide to Open EducationalResources (OER), Commonwealth of Learning & UNESCO, 2011, pp. 66-85.

E. Allen and J. Seaman, "Opening the Curriculum: Open Educational Resources in U.S. Higher Education," Pearson, 2014.

M.-A. Sicilia, X. Ochoa, G. Stoitsis and J. Klerx, "Learning Objects Analytics for Collections, Repositories & Federations," in Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Learning and Analytics and Knowledge (LAK'13), Leuven, Belgium, 2013.

R. McGreal, "A Typology of Learning Object Repositories,"[Online]. Available: http://hdl.handle.net/2149/1078, 2007. [Accessed 8 9 2013].

World Health Organization, "Disabilities," 2015. [Online]. Available: http://www.who.int/topics/disabilities/en/. [Accessed 12 2014].

M. Vigo, J. Brown and V. Conway, "Benchmarking web accessibility evaluation tools: measuring the harm of sole reliance on automated tests," in 10th International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility, New York, USA,, 2013.

World Health Organization, "World Report on Disability," 2011.

United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, "World Population Ageing 2013," New York, 2013.

W3C, "World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Launches International Web Accessibility Initiative," 1997. [Online]. Available: http://www.w3.org/Press/WAI-Launch.html.

United Nations, "Conventions on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and Optional Protocol," 2006. [Online]. Available: http://www.un.org/disabilities/documents/convention/convoptprot-e.pdf. [Accessed 03 10 2014].

J. J. Garret, The elements of User experience -User centered design for the Web, New Riders, 2002.

H. Petrie and N. Bevan, "The evaluation of accessibility, usability and user experience," in The Universal Access Handbook, CRC Press, 2009.

M. Hasssenzahl and N. Tractinsky, "User experience -a research agenda," in Behaviour & Information Technology, vol. 25, Taylor & Francis, 2006.

W3C, "W3C Workshop Report: Referencing and Applying WCAG 2.0 in Different Contexts," 05 2013. [Online]. Available: http://www.w3.org/WAI/ACT/workshop-report. [Accessed 15 02 2015].

AChecker, "Web Accessibility Checker," [Online]. Available: http://achecker.ca/checker/index.php.

eXaminator, "Evaluación de la accesibilidadweb," [Online]. Available: http://examinator.ws.

Fundación CTIC, "TAW," [Online]. Available: http://www.tawdis.net/ingles.html?lang=en.

WebAIM, "WAVE," [Online]. Available: http://wave.webaim.org/. [Accessed 04 03 2015].

W3C, "Markup Validation Service," [Online]. Available: http://validator.w3.org/.

W3C, "CSS Validation Service," [Online]. Available: http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/validator.html.en.

W3C, "HTML5," 10 2014. [Online]. Available: http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/.[Accessed 05 03 2015].

W3C-Web Accessibility Initiative, "WAI-ARIA Overview," 06 2014. [Online]. Available: http://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/aria.php. [Accessed 05 03 2015].

ISO, "ISO 9241-11:1998, Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) —Part 11: Guidance on usability," 1998. [Online]. Available: https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:9241:-11:ed-1:v1:en. [Accessed 02 03 2015].

W3C, "Web accessibility and Usability working together," [Online]. Available: http://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/usable. [Accessed 5 10 2014].

J. Nielsen, "Nielsen & Norman Group: Usability 101, Introduction to usability," [Online]. Available: http://www.nngroup.com/articles/usability-101-introduction-to-usability/. [Accessed 27 10 2014].

H. Petrie and O. Kheir, "The Relationship Between Accessibility and Usability of Websites," in SIGCHI Conference of Human Factors in Computing Systems, San José California, USA, 2007.

W3C, "Techniques for WCAG 2.0," [Online]. Available: http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H64.html. [Accessed 4 05 2015].

W3C, "Techniques for WCAG 2.0, F49," [Online]. Available: http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/F49.html. [Accessed 02 05 2015].

Published
2015-12-01
How to Cite
[1]
R. Navarrete and S. Luján-Mora, “User Experience for Disabled Users in Open Educational Resources Websites”, LAJC, vol. 2, no. 3, Dec. 2015.
Section
Reserved